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- #ifndef GC_CPP_H
- #define GC_CPP_H
- /****************************************************************************
- Copyright (c) 1994 by Xerox Corporation. All rights reserved.
-
- THIS MATERIAL IS PROVIDED AS IS, WITH ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY EXPRESSED
- OR IMPLIED. ANY USE IS AT YOUR OWN RISK.
-
- Permission is hereby granted to use or copy this program for any
- purpose, provided the above notices are retained on all copies.
- Permission to modify the code and to distribute modified code is
- granted, provided the above notices are retained, and a notice that
- the code was modified is included with the above copyright notice.
- ****************************************************************************
-
- C++ Interface to the Boehm Collector
-
- John R. Ellis and Jesse Hull
-
- This interface provides access to the Boehm collector. It provides
- basic facilities similar to those described in "Safe, Efficient
- Garbage Collection for C++", by John R. Elis and David L. Detlefs
- (ftp://ftp.parc.xerox.com/pub/ellis/gc).
-
- All heap-allocated objects are either "collectable" or
- "uncollectable". Programs must explicitly delete uncollectable
- objects, whereas the garbage collector will automatically delete
- collectable objects when it discovers them to be inaccessible.
- Collectable objects may freely point at uncollectable objects and vice
- versa.
-
- Objects allocated with the built-in "::operator new" are uncollectable.
-
- Objects derived from class "gc" are collectable. For example:
-
- class A: public gc {...};
- A* a = new A; // a is collectable.
-
- Collectable instances of non-class types can be allocated using the GC
- (or UseGC) placement:
-
- typedef int A[ 10 ];
- A* a = new (GC) A;
-
- Uncollectable instances of classes derived from "gc" can be allocated
- using the NoGC placement:
-
- class A: public gc {...};
- A* a = new (NoGC) A; // a is uncollectable.
-
- Both uncollectable and collectable objects can be explicitly deleted
- with "delete", which invokes an object's destructors and frees its
- storage immediately.
-
- A collectable object may have a clean-up function, which will be
- invoked when the collector discovers the object to be inaccessible.
- An object derived from "gc_cleanup" or containing a member derived
- from "gc_cleanup" has a default clean-up function that invokes the
- object's destructors. Explicit clean-up functions may be specified as
- an additional placement argument:
-
- A* a = ::new (GC, MyCleanup) A;
-
- An object is considered "accessible" by the collector if it can be
- reached by a path of pointers from static variables, automatic
- variables of active functions, or from some object with clean-up
- enabled; pointers from an object to itself are ignored.
-
- Thus, if objects A and B both have clean-up functions, and A points at
- B, B is considered accessible. After A's clean-up is invoked and its
- storage released, B will then become inaccessible and will have its
- clean-up invoked. If A points at B and B points to A, forming a
- cycle, then that's considered a storage leak, and neither will be
- collectable. See the interface gc.h for low-level facilities for
- handling such cycles of objects with clean-up.
-
- The collector cannot guarrantee that it will find all inaccessible
- objects. In practice, it finds almost all of them.
-
-
- Cautions:
-
- 1. Be sure the collector has been augmented with "make c++".
-
- 2. If your compiler supports the new "operator new[]" syntax, then
- add -DOPERATOR_NEW_ARRAY to the Makefile.
-
- If your compiler doesn't support "operator new[]", beware that an
- array of type T, where T is derived from "gc", may or may not be
- allocated as a collectable object (it depends on the compiler). Use
- the explicit GC placement to make the array collectable. For example:
-
- class A: public gc {...};
- A* a1 = new A[ 10 ]; // collectable or uncollectable?
- A* a2 = new (GC) A[ 10 ]; // collectable
-
- 3. The destructors of collectable arrays of objects derived from
- "gc_cleanup" will not be invoked properly. For example:
-
- class A: public gc_cleanup {...};
- A* a = new (GC) A[ 10 ]; // destructors not invoked correctly
-
- Typically, only the destructor for the first element of the array will
- be invoked when the array is garbage-collected. To get all the
- destructors of any array executed, you must supply an explicit
- clean-up function:
-
- A* a = new (GC, MyCleanUp) A[ 10 ];
-
- (Implementing clean-up of arrays correctly, portably, and in a way
- that preserves the correct exception semantics requires a language
- extension, e.g. the "gc" keyword.)
-
- 4. Compiler bugs:
-
- * Solaris 2's CC (SC3.0) doesn't implement t->~T() correctly, so the
- destructors of classes derived from gc_cleanup won't be invoked.
- You'll have to explicitly register a clean-up function with
- new-placement syntax.
-
- * Evidently cfront 3.0 does not allow destructors to be explicitly
- invoked using the ANSI-conforming syntax t->~T(). If you're using
- cfront 3.0, you'll have to comment out the class gc_cleanup, which
- uses explicit invocation.
-
- 5. GC name conflicts:
-
- Many other systems seem to use the identifier "GC" as an abbreviation
- for "Graphics Context". Since version 5.0, GC placement has been replaced
- by UseGC. GC is an alias for UseGC, unless GC_NAME_CONFLICT is defined.
-
- ****************************************************************************/
-
- #include "gc.h"
-
- #ifndef THINK_CPLUS
- #define _cdecl
- #endif
-
- #if ! defined( OPERATOR_NEW_ARRAY ) \
- && (__BORLANDC__ >= 0x450 || (__GNUC__ >= 2 && __GNUC_MINOR__ >= 6) \
- || __WATCOMC__ >= 1050 || _MSC_VER >= 1100 || _ENABLE_ARRAYNEW)
- # define OPERATOR_NEW_ARRAY
- #endif
-
- enum GCPlacement {UseGC,
- #ifndef GC_NAME_CONFLICT
- GC=UseGC,
- #endif
- NoGC, PointerFreeGC};
-
- class gc {public:
- inline void* operator new( size_t size );
- inline void* operator new( size_t size, GCPlacement gcp );
- inline void operator delete( void* obj );
-
- #ifdef OPERATOR_NEW_ARRAY
- inline void* operator new[]( size_t size );
- inline void* operator new[]( size_t size, GCPlacement gcp );
- inline void operator delete[]( void* obj );
- #endif /* OPERATOR_NEW_ARRAY */
- };
- /*
- Instances of classes derived from "gc" will be allocated in the
- collected heap by default, unless an explicit NoGC placement is
- specified. */
-
- class gc_cleanup: virtual public gc {public:
- inline gc_cleanup();
- inline virtual ~gc_cleanup();
- private:
- inline static void _cdecl cleanup( void* obj, void* clientData );};
- /*
- Instances of classes derived from "gc_cleanup" will be allocated
- in the collected heap by default. When the collector discovers an
- inaccessible object derived from "gc_cleanup" or containing a
- member derived from "gc_cleanup", its destructors will be
- invoked. */
-
- extern "C" {typedef void (*GCCleanUpFunc)( void* obj, void* clientData );}
-
- #ifdef _MSC_VER
- // Disable warning that "no matching operator delete found; memory will
- // not be freed if initialization throws an exception"
- # pragma warning(disable:4291)
- #endif
-
- inline void* operator new(
- size_t size,
- GCPlacement gcp,
- GCCleanUpFunc cleanup = 0,
- void* clientData = 0 );
- /*
- Allocates a collectable or uncollected object, according to the
- value of "gcp".
-
- For collectable objects, if "cleanup" is non-null, then when the
- allocated object "obj" becomes inaccessible, the collector will
- invoke the function "cleanup( obj, clientData )" but will not
- invoke the object's destructors. It is an error to explicitly
- delete an object allocated with a non-null "cleanup".
-
- It is an error to specify a non-null "cleanup" with NoGC or for
- classes derived from "gc_cleanup" or containing members derived
- from "gc_cleanup". */
-
- #ifdef OPERATOR_NEW_ARRAY
-
- #ifdef _MSC_VER
- /** This ensures that the system default operator new[] doesn't get
- * undefined, which is what seems to happen on VC++ 6 for some reason
- * if we define a multi-argument operator new[].
- * There seems to be really redirect new in this environment without
- * including this everywhere.
- */
- inline void *operator new[]( size_t size )
- {
- return GC_MALLOC_UNCOLLECTABLE( size );
- }
-
- inline void operator delete[](void* obj)
- {
- GC_FREE(obj);
- };
-
- inline void* operator new( size_t size)
- {
- return GC_MALLOC_UNCOLLECTABLE( size);
- };
-
- inline void operator delete(void* obj)
- {
- GC_FREE(obj);
- };
-
-
- // This new operator is used by VC++ in case of Debug builds !
- inline void* operator new( size_t size,
- int ,//nBlockUse,
- const char * szFileName,
- int nLine
- ) {
- # ifndef GC_DEBUG
- return GC_malloc_uncollectable( size );
- # else
- return GC_debug_malloc_uncollectable(size, szFileName, nLine);
- # endif
- }
-
- #endif /* _MSC_VER */
-
- inline void* operator new[](
- size_t size,
- GCPlacement gcp,
- GCCleanUpFunc cleanup = 0,
- void* clientData = 0 );
- /*
- The operator new for arrays, identical to the above. */
-
- #endif /* OPERATOR_NEW_ARRAY */
-
- /****************************************************************************
-
- Inline implementation
-
- ****************************************************************************/
-
- inline void* gc::operator new( size_t size ) {
- return GC_MALLOC( size );}
-
- inline void* gc::operator new( size_t size, GCPlacement gcp ) {
- if (gcp == UseGC)
- return GC_MALLOC( size );
- else if (gcp == PointerFreeGC)
- return GC_MALLOC_ATOMIC( size );
- else
- return GC_MALLOC_UNCOLLECTABLE( size );}
-
- inline void gc::operator delete( void* obj ) {
- GC_FREE( obj );}
-
-
- #ifdef OPERATOR_NEW_ARRAY
-
- inline void* gc::operator new[]( size_t size ) {
- return gc::operator new( size );}
-
- inline void* gc::operator new[]( size_t size, GCPlacement gcp ) {
- return gc::operator new( size, gcp );}
-
- inline void gc::operator delete[]( void* obj ) {
- gc::operator delete( obj );}
-
- #endif /* OPERATOR_NEW_ARRAY */
-
-
- inline gc_cleanup::~gc_cleanup() {
- GC_REGISTER_FINALIZER_IGNORE_SELF( GC_base(this), 0, 0, 0, 0 );}
-
- inline void gc_cleanup::cleanup( void* obj, void* displ ) {
- ((gc_cleanup*) ((char*) obj + (ptrdiff_t) displ))->~gc_cleanup();}
-
- inline gc_cleanup::gc_cleanup() {
- GC_finalization_proc oldProc;
- void* oldData;
- void* base = GC_base( (void *) this );
- if (0 != base) {
- // Don't call the debug version, since this is a real base address.
- GC_register_finalizer_ignore_self(
- base, (GC_finalization_proc)cleanup, (void*) ((char*) this - (char*) base),
- &oldProc, &oldData );
- if (0 != oldProc) {
- GC_register_finalizer_ignore_self( base, oldProc, oldData, 0, 0 );}}}
-
- inline void* operator new(
- size_t size,
- GCPlacement gcp,
- GCCleanUpFunc cleanup,
- void* clientData )
- {
- void* obj;
-
- if (gcp == UseGC) {
- obj = GC_MALLOC( size );
- if (cleanup != 0)
- GC_REGISTER_FINALIZER_IGNORE_SELF(
- obj, cleanup, clientData, 0, 0 );}
- else if (gcp == PointerFreeGC) {
- obj = GC_MALLOC_ATOMIC( size );}
- else {
- obj = GC_MALLOC_UNCOLLECTABLE( size );};
- return obj;}
-
-
- #ifdef OPERATOR_NEW_ARRAY
-
- inline void* operator new[](
- size_t size,
- GCPlacement gcp,
- GCCleanUpFunc cleanup,
- void* clientData )
- {
- return ::operator new( size, gcp, cleanup, clientData );}
-
- #endif /* OPERATOR_NEW_ARRAY */
-
-
- #endif /* GC_CPP_H */
-
-